Programming Languages Softwares

MuPAD -- a very powerful and general computerized algebra system, developed at the University of Paderborn, now distributed by SciFace Software. In the same category as Mathematica and Maple, it does numerical calculations, symbolic manipulation (algebra, differentiation & integration), graphing, and programming. A free "lite" (but still very powerful) version for PC and Mac can be downloaded.

Statistics101 -- executes programs written in the easy-to-learn Resampling Stats statistical simulation language. You write a short, simple program in the language, describing the process behind a probability or statistics problem. Statistics101 then executes your Resampling Stats model thousands of times, each time with different random numbers or samples, keeping track of the results. When the program completes, you have your answer. Runs on Windows, Mac, Lunux -- any system that supports Java.

R -- a programming language and environment for statistical computing and graphics. Similar to S or S-plus (will run most S code unchanged). Available for Windows, various Unix flavors (including Linux), NextStep and Mac. Provides a wide variety of statistical (linear and nonlinear modelling, classical statistical tests, time-series analysis, classification, clustering, ...) and graphical techniques, and is highly extensible. Well-designed publication-quality plots can be produced, including mathematical symbols and formulae where needed. The R environment includes:

• an effective data handling and storage facility,
• a suite of operators for calculations on arrays, in particular matrices,
• a large, coherent, integrated collection of intermediate tools for data analysis,
• graphical facilities for data analysis and display either on-screen or on hardcopy, and
• a well-developed, simple and effective programming language which includes conditionals, loops, user-defined recursive functions and input and output facilities.

Zelig -- an add-on for R that can estimate, help interpret, and present the results of a large range of statistical methods. It translates hard-to-interpret coefficients into quantities of interest; combines multiply imputed data sets to deal with missing data; automates bootstrapping for all models; uses sophisticated nonparametric matching commands which improve parametric procedures; allows one-line commands to run analyses in all designated strata; automates the creation of replication data files so that you (or anyone else) can replicate the results of your analyses (hence satisfying the replication standard); makes it easy to evaluate counterfactuals; and allows conditional population and superpopulation inferences. It includes many specific methods, based on likelihood, frequentist, Bayesian, robust Bayesian, and nonparametric theories of inference. Zelig comes with detailed, self-contained documentation that minimizes startup costs for Zelig and R, automates graphics and summaries for all models, and, with only three simple commands required, generally makes the power of R accessible for all users. Zelig also works well for teaching, and is designed so that scholars can use the same program with students that they use for their research.

Apophenia -- a statistics library for C. It provides functions on the same level as those of the typical stats package (OLS, probit, singular value decomposition, &c.) but doesn't tie the user to an ad hoc language or environment.

Octave -- a high-level mathematical programming language, similar to MATLAB, for numerical computations -- solving common numerical linear algebra problems, finding the roots of nonlinear equations, integrating ordinary functions, manipulating polynomials, and integrating ordinary differential and differential-algebraic equations. It is easily extensible and customizable via user-defined functions written in Octave's own language, or using dynamically loaded modules written in C++, C, Fortran, or other languages. Runs under Linux and Windows.

J -- a modern, high-level, general-purpose, high-performance programming language. Runs on Windows, Unix, Mac, and PocketPC handhelds. J runs both as a GUI and in a console (command line). Much like APL, but uses "conventional" symbols, rather than APL's a specialized character set. J is particularly strong in the mathematical, statistical, and logical analysis of arrays of data. J systems have:

• an integrated development environment
• standard libraries, utilities, and packages
• a form designer for your application forms
• an event-driven graphical user interface to your application
• interfaces with other programming languages and applications
• integrated 2d and 3d graphics
• memory mapped files for high performance data applications

Matvec -- an object oriented programming language with extensive statistical capabilities. Can handle problems ranging from matrix and vector manipulation to the analysis of linear and generalized linear mixed models. Runs in Linux and Windows environments; has a command-line (non-GUI) user interface, and a strong "Unix-like" flavor.

mle - Maximum Likelihood Estimation -- a simple programming language for building and estimating parameters of likelihood models. Originally designed for survival models, but the language has evolved into a general-purpose tool for building and estimating  general likelihood models. Available for Windows and Linux; also provides User Manual, Reference Manual, and Quick Reference Card.

Ox -- an object-oriented matrix programming language with a comprehensive mathematical and statistical function library. Matrices can be used directly in expressions, for example to multiply two matrices, or to invert a matrix. The major features of Ox are its speed, extensive library, and well-designed syntax, which leads to programs which are easier to maintain. Versions of Ox are available for many platforms. The "Console" version can be freely downloaded for academic and research use; the "Professional" version must be purchased.

Mx  -- a matrix algebra interpreter and numerical optimizer for exploration of matrix algebra. Many built-in fit fuctions for structural equation modeling and other statistical modeling. Has fitting fuctions like those in LISREL, LISCOMP, EQS and CALIS, along with facilities for maximum likelihood estimation of parameters from missing data structures, under normal theory. Users can easily specify complex 'nonstandard' models, define their own fit functions, and perform optimization subject to linear and nonlinear equality or boundary constraints.

JDB -- Relational Database and Elementary Statistics for a Unix environment. Useful for manipulating experimental data (joining files, cleaning data, reformatting for input into other programs). Computes basic statistics (mean, std. dev., confidence intervals, quartiles, n-tiles, percentiles, histograms, correlations, z-scores, t-scores.

B/D -- an interactive programming language for a priori and diagnostic analyses of Bayes linear statistical problems (subjective statistical analyses based on expectation and covariance structures, rather than on distributional assumptions). Quickly and easily specify beliefs about quantities of interest, attach data to some or all of those quantities, and carry out the general process of Bayes linear adjustment. Produces interactive Bayes linear influence diagrams for the adjustments, providing simple graphical summaries of the adjustments and accompanying diagnostics.

MacANOVA -- comprehensive statistical package for the Mac and PC/Windows. MacAnova has macros which are used just like functions. Several macros are built in, and three files of additional macros (general, time series, design of experiments) are distributed with MacAnova. Like S, MacAnova is a programming language with for and while loops, if, else, elseif, break, and a full range of operations including bit manipulation.

Lisp-Stat  -- an extensible statistical computing environment for data analysis, statistical instruction and research, and  for exploring the use of dynamic graphical methods. Based on an extended subset of Common Lisp, performs element-wise operations on lists and vectors, and adds a variety of basic statistical and linear algebra functions. Graphics system is object-oriented, and can be customized and adapted. Supports linear and nonlinear regression models and generalized linear models. Runs on Mac, X-window (UNIX), and MS Windows.

Resampling Stats -- a different approach to learning statistics and performing statistical analyses, using simulation with random numbers instead of complex mathematics. 30-day trial version available for Win 95/NT.

O-Matrix -- an extensive matrix manipulation system (for Windows) with lots of statistical capability. The "Light" version can be freely downloaded. Some capabilities include:

• Matrix Functions: determinant, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, systems of equations
• Statistics: minimum, maximum, mean, median, standard deviation, linear regression, correlation, covariance, sorting, t-distributions, f-distributions, probability, normal distributions, population simulations, Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
• Optimization: linear & nonlinear least squares, with and without box constraints and with or without derivatives, quadratic and general nonlinear programming, linear complementarity problems
• Random Simulations: uniform and normal random number generators, auto-regressive process simulation
• Special Functions: error, gamma, incomplete beta, Y and J Bessel
• Also: quadrature, differential equations, Fourier analysis, spectral estimation, convolution, FFT, Interpolation, filtering, Kalman-Bucy filtering, wWavelets: Haar and Daubechies transforms, polynomials, and general functions (trig, hyp, inv trig &  hyp, exp, log, roots, forward & backward difference approximations to the derivatives of vector-valued functions

Also provides extensive plotting capabilities, with multiple windows, axis scaling & labeling, titling, free-form text, selectable fonts. Plots exportable to word processors, spreadsheets, etc. Plot Types: line, contour, surface, mesh, bar, stair, polar, vector, error bar, smith charts, and histogram; line plots can contain unlimited points per curve and hundreds of curves per plot; two- and three-dimensional plotting is supported which provides additional flexibility with contours and surface plots; multiple colors, markers, and line types.